Zigbee based Wireless Sensor Network for Smart Energy Meter

Wireless sensor networks are expanding across a wide range of application scenarios. The most widely used transmitter is "ZigBee," which is used in wireless sensor networks. Based on the IEEE standard known as IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee is an enabling low-cost technology that offers minimal energy consumption and a low data rate. It is used for remote control, medical aid, home automation, industry control, and other wireless sensor applications, in addition to wireless sensor networks and personal area network applications. This paper aims to develop a wireless sensor network and a protocol for smart energy meter applications. Our proposed system comprises a digital energy meter, a ZigBee coordinator, and a management application. A terminal alert and a cover alarm can be automatically sent to the management software by the wireless meter reading system once it has read the unit. Mistakes from Errors in leakage metering reading to manual meter reading can be avoided. This proposed system will improve efficiency by reducing labor intensity to liberate labor and force. The system setup can accommodate a large number of energy meters with sufficient hop network depth to detect a new energy meter automatically. The technology can be widely used in wireless monitoring and control applications because of its low cost, low power consumption, extended battery life, and mesh networking's ability to extend high reliability to a broader range. To connect a variety of low-power devices wirelessly, ZigBee will satisfy the rising demand. For the future generation of industrial technologies, ZigBee will be deployed.Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) © Copyright: All rights reserved

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF TRAPEZOIDAL SHAPE DOUBLE LAYER MICROCHANNEL HEAT SINK

With increasing demand for higher computational speed and emerging micro-systems, thermal management poses serious challenge for efficient cooling. Among these liquid cooling using microchannels has gained significant attention and has been extended to its double layer configuration which eliminates the drawback of significant temperature variations in single layer system. The double layer configuration has been primarily analyzed for rectangular ducts. In this study the performance of trapezoidal shape double layer microchannel heat sink is investigated and compared to rectangular double layer heat sink of same flow area. Four different possible configurations are analyzed and comparative study among respective counter and parallel configuration is performed followed by comparison among each configuration. The performance is evaluated on the basis of maximum temperature attained at the heated surface as well as minimum temperature variations. Finally the best performing configuration is compared with double layer rectangular heat sink. Analysis shows that among various trapezoidal configurations, the one with larger side face to face is most suitable. Further comparative study with rectangular system shows that performance of trapezoidal double layer heat sink is superior in both aspects, i.e. minimum thermal resistance as well as minimum temperature variations